Computer Science & Programming : Chapter-wise Questions Collection For Class 8

Chapter-wise Questions Collection

Unit 1: Fundamental Knowledge & Skill Computer

Very Short Questions [ 1 Mark Each ]

1. What is meant by Computer?

A computer is a machine or device that performs processes, calculations and operations based on instructions provided by a software or hardware program.

2. What is Computer Science?

Computer science is the study of processes that interact with data and that can be represented as data in the form of programs.

3. Define the term data.

Data can be defined as a representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner, which should be suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing, by human or electronic machine.

4. What do you know about instruction?

An instruction is an order given to a computer processor by a computer program.

5. Define information clearly.

Information is organized or classified data, which has some meaningful values for the receiver. Information is the processed data on which decisions and actions are based.

6. Define the term “computer literacy”.

Computer literacy is the ability to use computers and related technology efficiently, with a range of skills covering levels from elementary use to programming and advanced problem solving.

7. What does GIGO (Garbage In Garbage Out) mean?

GIGO is a computer science acronym that implies bad input will result in bad output.

8. Who is known as first programmer?

Lady Ada Lovelace

9. What do you know about the program?

A computer program is a collection of instructions that can be executed by a computer to perform a specific task. Most computer devices require programs to function properly.

10. How many vacuum tubes were used in first electronic computer?

18,000 vacuum tubes

11. Who is known as father of computer?

Charles Babbage

12. Give any two examples of word processing package.

Microsoft Word, Google Docs

13. Define the term software with any two examples.

Computer software is a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work. E.g. Photoshop, MS-Word

14. Define the term hardware with any two examples.

Computer hardware is the collection of all the parts you can physically touch. E.g. Mouse, Printer

15. For what purpose presentation packaged is used?

To display information in the form of a slide show.

16. For what purpose spreadsheet software is used?

Sort data, arrange data easily, and calculate numerical data.

17. Give any two examples of operating system.

MS-DOS, Windows 10

18. What is memory?

Computer memory is any physical device capable of storing information temporarily or permanently.

19. List the types of primary memory.

RAM and ROM

20. For what purpose pen drive is used?

For storage, data back-up and transfer of computer files.

21. Name the components of computer system.

a) Input Devices (keyboard, mouse etc)

b) Output Devices (monitor, speakers etc)

c) Secondary Storage Devices (hard disk drive, CD/DVD drive etc)

d) Processor and Primary Storage Devices (cpu, RAM)

22. Differentiate between primary and secondary memory.

Primary memory is the main memory of the computer which is used to store data or information temporarily, whereas secondary memory refers to external storage devices that are used to store data or information permanently.

23. What does BIT stand for?

Binary Digits

24. List the name of any four input devices.

Keyboard, Mouse, Light Pen, Scanner

25. Name the components used fourth generation of computer.

Microprocessor

Short Questions [ 4 Marks Each]

26. Mention any two advantages and disadvantages of computer respectively.

Any two advantages of computer are:

i. It can perform a wide range of operations.

ii. It can work continuously for long time without creating any errors.

Any two disadvantages of computer are:

i. It is unable to correct wrong instructions.

ii. It cannot take decisions on its own.

27. What is an IPO Cycle? Explain with examples.

When the user gives an input value or action to the system through any of the input devices such as keyboard or mouse, the system does some internal process to produce the end result as output. The output is sent to the output unit like screen or the printer.

The entire process that involves input and output action is said to be IPO cycle.

For example, if you want to make a copy of an important paper, you first scan the paper (inputting the data), make adjustments if you want to (processing the data), and the print it (outputting the data).

Here, the scanner is the input unit through which you feed the data to the computer.

28. Why computer is known as diligent machine? Explain.

Computer is known as diligent machine because if millions of calculations are to be performed, a computer will perform every calculation with the same accuracy. Computers can work continuously for a long time without creating any error and without getting tired or bored.

29. Why computer is known as versatile device? Explain with examples.

Computer is known as versatile machine since wide range of operations can be done and its application area is not limited. It has a great capability to perform a variety of tasks at a time. We can use it to prepare examination results, electricity bills, documents, slides, etc.

30. Explain any two features of computer as you know.

Any two features of computer are:

i. Accuracy:

Computers give 100% correct answers to the correct instructions provided. If any wrong instructions are provided for processing the data, it is sure that the results from the computer will be wrong. This property is also known as GIGO ( Garbage In Garbage Out ).

ii. Automatic:

Computer is an automatic machine. Once the instruction provided to do any work is given to the computer, it does its work automatically by itself. It may execute the process without any intervention of the user once they are assigned to some work.

31. Why Charles Babbage is known as “father of computer”? Explain

Charles Babbage is known as "father of computer" because he invented a machine named Analytical Engine which had five units: input, output, store, mill and control, which are similar to the units of today's modern computers.

32. Differentiate between hardware and software with any two examples of each.

Hardware	Software
1. It is the physical components that makes up the entire computer system.	1. It is an organized collection of programs designed to perform specific task.
2. Examples are: Keyboard, Mouse, etc.	2. Examples are: Data Compression, WinZip, etc.

33. What is generation of computer? List the generation of computer with devices used.

Generation of computer refers to the development of the technology. There are 5 generations of computer. They are:

Generation of computers	Device used
1. First Generation of computer	Vacuum tubes
2. Second Generation of computer	Transistors
3. Third Generation of computer	IC Chip
4. Fourth Generation of computer	Microprocessor
5. Fifth Generation of computer	BIO Chip

34. Write any four features of second generation of computer.

Any 4 features of second generation computers are:

i. They used transistors as main electronic component.

ii. They were much smaller and generate less heat than the previous computers.

iii. They had more storage capacity.

iv. Assembly and high level language could be used in second generation computers.

35. Write down any four features of spreadsheet package?

a) Spreadsheets have the ability to adjust column widths and row heights, hide rows and columns and freeze panes.

b) Have the ability to create, edit, save and retrieve worksheets.

c) Spreadsheets have data formatting: both text and numeric data can be formatted using predefined formats e.g the decimal scientific, integer .

d) Spreadsheets have data sorting and filtering capability.

36. What are the advantages of word packaging package?

a. It is faster and easier than writing by hand.

b. You can store documents on your computer, which you cannot do on a typewriter. ...

c. There are more formatting choices with a word processor (the spelling, grammar and language tools).

d. You can print copies of your documents.

37. Differentiate between digital and analog computer.

Analog Computer	Digital Computer
1. It is a special purpose computer that works on continuous signal.	1. It is a general purpose computer that works on digital data.
2. It is used in scientific equipment and engineering purposes.	2. It is mostly used in home, schools, offices, etc.
3. E.g. : Thermometer, Speedometer, etc.	3. E.g. : IBM 3081, IBM Compatible, etc.

38. What are the features of supercomputer?

The features of supercomputer are:

i. They are the largest and most expensive digital computers.

ii. They are the most powerful and fastest computers.

iii. They have a large memory capacity and very high processing speeds.

iv. They are used for solving scientific and engineering problems.

39. What are the application areas of micro computers?

The application areas of microcomputers are:

i. Offices

ii. Homes

iii. Schools

iv. Shops

40. What are meant by IBM PC and IBM Compatible Computer?

IBM PC is the brand name of the first popular commercial PC developed by the IBM Corporation which was one of the fastest desktop computers of its time.

IBM Compatible is the computer similar to the original IBM PC, XT and AT computers able to use the same software and expansion cards.

41. Classify the computer on the basis operation and explain any one of them briefly.

Computers on the basis of operations are:

i. Analog Computer

ii. Digital Computer

iii. Hybrid Computer

Analog computer:

It is the special purpose computer that works on continuous signals which measures physical quantities like current, pressure, voltage, etc. and converts them to numeric values. Some of the examples include speedometer, thermometer, seismograph, etc.

42. Differentiate between application and system software.

Application software	System software
1.It is a software designed to solve problems in specific time according to the instruction provided by the user.	1. It is the collection of programs that controls and manages all the internal operation of the computer.
2. E.g.: Word processors, Spreadsheets, database, etc.	2. E.g.: Linux, WinZip, Data Compression, etc.

43. What do you know about GUI and CUI based OS? Explain.

GUI is a visual computer environment that uses graphics, icon and pointers to make the computer more user friendly. It allows the user to interact with the computer through the graphical symbols or icons. E.g. are Windows XP, Windows 10, LINUX, etc.

CUI is a text mode based user interface of the computer that provides an environment to the user to type a command to perform a particular task. E.g. are MS-DOS, UNIX, Novell Netware, etc.

44. What are meant by System Software? Classify the types of system software with examples.

System software is the collection of programs that controls and manages all the internal operation of the computer. The types of system software are:

i. Operating System- Windows XP, MS-DOS, etc.

ii. Device Driver- Graphics card driver, modem driver

iii. Utility software- Data Compression, WinZip, etc.

iv. Language Translator-Assembler, Interpreter and Compiler

45. Explain the features of Presentation Package.

a) Slides that can contain any mixture of text, images, video, animations, links and sound.

b) Animation effects that allow the various elements on each slide to appear after a certain amount of time or when a presenter presses a button.

c) Slide master – this allows the style (font, font size, background etc) to be set once and then used throughout the presentation.

d) Transitions – this is how the presentation software “moves” the display of one slide to another. Transitions usually include dissolving from one slide to the next or the current slide being moved in some way to show the next slide as though it was underneath.

46. Define application software with examples.

Application software is a type of software designed to solve problems in specific time according to the instruction provided by the user. Some of the examples include Word processors, Spreadsheets, database, etc.

47. What are main types of software? Explain with appropriate examples.

The main types of software are:

i. System Software:

System software is the collection of programs that controls and manages all the internal operation of the computer. Some of the examples include Linux, WinZip, Data Compression, etc.

ii. Application Software:

48. What do you know about editing and formatting in word processing package?

Editing refers to making quick modification to a document using editing tools such as find and replace spelling and grammar checkers, copy and paste or undo redo features.

Formatting refers to changing the appearance of text in a document such as text formatting or page formatting or paragraph formatting.

49. Explain the following terms:

a) Workbook

a workbook is a collection of one or more spreadsheets, also called worksheets, in a single file.

b) Worksheet

worksheet is a file made of rows and columns that help sort data, arrange data easily, and calculate numerical data.

c) Cell

A cell is the intersection between a row and a column on a spreadsheet that starts with cell A1.

d) Cell address

A cell reference, or cell address, is an alphanumeric value used to identify a specific cell in a spreadsheet.

50. Explain the function with example of following commands:

a) Average ()

Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments. For example, if the range A1:A20 contains numbers, the formula =AVERAGE(A1:A20) returns the average of those numbers.

b) Sum ( )

The SUM function in Excel adds the arguments you enter in a formula. For example, entering =SUM(10, 2) returns 12. This function subtracts when negative numbers are used in the arguments.

c) Min ( )

The Excel MIN function returns the smallest value from a supplied set of numeric values.

The syntax of the function is:

MIN( number1, [number2], ... )

where the number arguments are one or more numeric values (or arrays of numeric values), that you want to return the smallest value of.

d) Max ( )

The Excel MIN function returns the largest value from a supplied set of numeric values.

The syntax of the function is:

MAX( number1, [number2], ... )

where the number arguments are one or more numeric values (or arrays of numeric values), that you want to return the largest value of.

51. Explain the followings:

a) Cut / Paste and Copy / Paste

Cut Paste will remove the original content from the document and place it in a new location while Copy Paste inserts the content to a new location without removing the original content.

b) Save and Save as

Save helps to update the lastly preserved file with the latest content while Save As helps to store a new file or to store an existing file to a new location with the same name or a different name.

c) Close and Exit

Close button is to shut the workbook window only w/out terminating the excel program while the exit button is used to terminate the entire excel programming for running.

Long Questions [ 6 Marks Each]

52. List out the characteristics of computer. Explain each of them briefly.

The characteristics of computer are:

iii. Accuracy:

iv. Automatic:

v. Speed:

A computer is a very fast device. It takes only a few seconds for calculations that we take hours to complete. Measurement of computers can be understood from the table below:

Unit of time	Part of second	Power of 10	Meaning
Millisecond	1/1000	10^-3	One thousandth of a second
Microsecond	1/1000000	10^-6	One millionth of a second
Nanosecond	1/1000000000	10^-9	One billionth of a second
Picosecond	1/1000000000000	10^-12	One trillionth of a second

vi. Versatile:

The computer is a flexible machine. It has a great capability to perform a variety of tasks at a time like preparing the examinations results, electricity bills, documents, slides, etc. It is called versatile machine because wide range of operations can be done and its application area is not limited.

vii. Diligence:

Computer can work continuously for a long time without creating any error. If millions of calculations are to be performed, a computer will perform every calculation with the same accuracy. Therefore, it is also known as a diligent machine.

viii. Storage:

Huge amount of data can be stored in computer's memory. Once kept information can be used at any time required. The storage capacity of those devices is measured in byte or higher unit of bytes.

53. Explain different generation of computer briefly.

The different generations of computer are:

a. First Generation of computer:

These computers were developed during 1946 to 1958 A.D. The technology used in these computers was vacuum tube. First generation computers relied on machine language to perform operations, and they could only solve one problem at a time.

b. Second Generation of computer:

These computers were developed during 1959 to 1964 A.D. The technology used in these computers was Transistors. The second generation computers still relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output.

c. Third Generation of computer:

These computers were developed during 1965 to 194 A.D. The technology used in these computers was Integrated Circuit Chip (IC Chip). The third generation computers relied on keyboards and monitors and interfaced with an operating system.

d. Fourth Generation of computer:

These computers were developed during 1975 till present. The technology used in these computers was Microprocessor. The fourth generation computers also saw the development of GUIs, the mouse and handheld devices.

e. Fifth Generation of computer:

These computers are on the way of development starting from present to future. The technology that will be used in these computers is BIO Chip or AI. Its goal is to develop devices that respond to natural language input and are capable of learning and self-organization.

54. Classify the computer on the basis of brand. Explain each of them briefly.

The computers on the basis of brand are:

i. IBM PC:

IBM PC is the brand name of the first popular commercial PC developed by the IBM Corporation. This company is one of the computer manufacturing companies in the world. The IBM PC was one of the fastest desktop computers of its time.

ii. IBM Compatible:

The IBM Company introduced the first personal computer in the market. IBM Compatible computers are similar and can perform the same functions as original IBM PC. These computers are comparatively cheaper and parts are easily available in the market.

iii. Apple/Macintosh Computer:

Apple company introduced the first computer having different architecture design as compared to IBM PC on January 24, 1984 A.D. This was the first mass-market personal computer having an essential graphical user interface and mouse.

55. What is software? Explain the types of software with examples.

Software is an organized collection of programs, which are responsible for controlling and managing the hardware components of a computer system to perform specific tasks.

The types of computer are:

i. System Software:

It is the collection of programs that controls and manages all the internal operations of the computer. It is designed to operate the computer hardware, to provide basics functionality, and to provide platform for running application software. E.g. are: Windows 10, WinZip, LINUX, etc.

ii. Application Software:

Application software is a type of software designed to solve problems in specific time according to the instruction provided by the user. It is a program developed to perform a specific data processing jobs. Some of the examples include Word processors, Spreadsheets, database, etc.

56. What is computer system? Explain the components of a computer system.

A computer system is a combination of different hardware and software works together to process data according to the instructions given by the user in order to produce desired information.

The components of computer system are:

i. Input Unit:

It is the unit used for entering data and instructions to the computer. This unit is the main interface between user and computer hardware to provide data and instruction to the computer. E.g. are: Keyboard, Mouse, etc.

ii. Processing Unit:

It is the main part of the computer that receives the data and instruction from the input unit and processes those for desired result. This unit is also responsible for processing and controlling the entire operations of computer system.

iii. Output Unit:

It delivers information from the computer to an external device or from internal storage to external storage. This unit is the main interface between user and computer hardware to provide the desired results to the user. E.g. are: Monitor, Speaker, etc.

iv. Storage Unit:

It is another memory device for a computer that stores more information permanently for future reference. This unit is used to store data in the computers. The data and program stored in secondary storage need to be transferred into the memory unit.

57. What do you know about computer memory? Explain different types of memory briefly.

The part of computer system that stores data and information for fraction of a second or permanently is known as computer memory.

The different types of computer memory are:

i. Primary Memory:

It is also known as internal memory, main memory or system memory. It is an important part of a computer operation. The primary memory is the fast and stores programs along with the data permanently. It is classified into three types i.e. RAM, ROM and Cache memory.

ii. Secondary Memory:

It is a type of computer memory that holds large volume of data, information and programs permanently. The data and instructions stored on the secondary memory can be used later. The commonly used secondary storage devices of computer are Floppy Disk, Hard Disk, Optical Disks and Pen Drive.

Unit 2: ICT , Ethics and Cyber Laws

Very Short Questions [ 1 Mark Each ]

1. What is data communication?

Data communication refers to the exchange of data between a source and a receiver via form of transmission media such as a wire cable.

2. What is meant by index page?

he index page is the URL or local file that automatically loads when a web browser starts and when the browser's 'home' button is pressed.

3. What do you know about Home page?

A home page (also written as homepage) is the main web page of a website.

4. Define the term web page and website.

A web page (also written as webpage) is a specific collection of information provided by a website and displayed to a user in a web browser.

A website is a collection of web pages and related content that is identified by a common domain name and published on at least one web server.

5. What is web browser?

A web browser is a software application for accessing information on the World Wide Web.

6. Give any four examples of web browser.

Microsoft Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Apple Safari

7. Give any two examples of search engine.

Google, Bing

8. What is called network of network?

Internet

9. Define computer network.

A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables the computer to communicate with another computer and share their resources, data, and applications.

10. Write the example of LAN.

An example of a LAN is what a small business uses to connect their computers together.

11. Give an example of WAN.

Internet

12. What do you mean by markup language?

A markup language is a computer language that uses tags to define elements within a document.

13. Define the term Internet.

The internet is a globally connected network system that uses TCP/IP to transmit data via various types of media.

14. What is meant by E-mail?

Short for electronic mail, e-mail or email is information stored on a computer that is exchanged between two users over telecommunications.

15. Give any two examples of social networking site.

Facebook, Twitter

16. What is meant by computer antivirus?

Antivirus software is a type of program designed and developed to protect computers from malware like viruses, computer worms, spyware, botnets, rootkits, keyloggers and such.

17. Define the term tag in HTML?

An HTML tag is commonly defined as a set of characters constituting a formatted command for a Web page.

18. What is meant by web chat?

A web chat is a system that allows users to communicate in real-time using easily accessible web interfaces.

19. Define cyber law.

Cyber law is the part of the overall legal system that deals with the Internet, cyberspace, and their respective legal issues.

20. Define the term Computer Ethics.

Computer ethics are a set of moral standards that govern the use of computers. It is society's views about the use of computers, both hardware and software.

21. What does URL mean?

A Uniform Resource Locator (URL), colloquially termed a web address, is a reference to a web resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it.

Short Questions [ 4 Mark Each ]

22. Mention the advantages of computer network.

a) Computer in a network can access the network-connected hardware devices like printers, disk drives, etc.

b) Data in a network environment can be updated from any computer. Updated data can be accessed by all computers on the network.

c) Computers in a network system share different software packages.

d) Information can be exchanged rapidly in computer network.

23. Explain the uses of Internet.

a) Internet helps us to share information from any place in the world

b) Internet is a source of lot of information for education purposes

c) Internet enables fast transfer of news or incidents to people

d) Internet can be used for communication from end of the world to the other

24. List the disadvantages of Internet.

a) Increasing virus threats not only steals your sensitive data but also damages your computer.

b) People using too much of internet get disconnected from the real world.

c) Pornography that can get in the hands of young children too easily.

d) Addiction to online games affects health leading to obesity and serious health issues.

25. What are the requirements to connect the Internet?

a) A TCP/IP enabled computer with web browser

b) An account with an ISP

c) Router / MODEM (necessary if you are using a telephone line to access the Internet)

d) Connection (ISDN, Satellite, cable and dial-up)

26. Mention the advantages of Email.

a) It allows to send and receive message across the world at very low cost.

b) E-mail is faster, cheaper, more reliable than traditional mail.

c) The image, sound, video and documents can be attached to e-mail message.

d) Email can be accessed from anywhere in the world.

27. Explain the importance of social network in present days.

A social networking service (also social networking site or SNS) is a platform which allows people to build their social networks or social relations among people who share interests or using internet, because of this social networking site, it becomes very easy to getting in touch with friends.

Through the social media sites we can communicate with our friends and others over internet this is the best advantage of social networking sites. These sites also provide many other services like we can create a profile for our business or organization and made our advertisement over internet that helps in development in our business. So in this current generation social networking sites are very much important for our life style.

28. Write down the symptoms of computer virus.

a) Program takes long time to load.

b) Increased use of disk space and growth in file size.

c) Corrupting the system data.

d) Renaming files with different names.

29. Write the precautions to protect the computer from virus.

a) Scan the mail or unknown files of internet before opening in your computers.

b) Use a good antivirus program to scan floppy disk, CD, etc. before copying.

c) Don’t install pirated software, especially computer games.

d) Don’t interchange the internal disk among the computers.

30. List the causes of making virus.

a) Destroy data, information, files or programs of a file.

b) Steal important data and information.

c) Load and run unwanted applications.

d) Display the unnecessary messages or pictures.

31. How does virus transfer from one computer to another?

a) Sharing infected internal portable disk like floppy disk, pen drive, CDs, etc.

b) Opening a virus infected email, messages and attached files.

c) Downloading files and programs form the websites which are not secure.

d) Exchanging data and information over a network

32. Mention any five points of Computer Ethics.

a) You should not use a computer to harm other people.

b) You should not search the file or record of other people.

c) You should not spread false and illegal information.

d) You should not destroy, erase or edit personal or group records.

e) You should not use other people’s computer resources without authorization.

33. List the features of LAN.

a) It is controlled by a single organization.

b) It uses private connection media

c) The diameter is not more than a few kilometers.

d) LAN offers bandwidth of 10-100 Mbps.

34. What is transmission media? Explain its type with examples.

Transmission medium is a pathway that can transmit information from a sender to a receiver through wired or wireless medium on a network.

The types of communication medium are:

i) Guided Medium (Bounded or Wired)

ii) Unguided Medium (Unbounded or Wireless)

The transmission media which comprises of cables or wires through which data is transmitted is called guided medium. They are called guided since they provide a physical channel from the sender device to the receiver device. The signal travelling through these media are bounded by the physical limits of the medium. E.g.: twisted pair cable, co-axial cable, fibre optics cable, etc.

The transmission media which transfer data in the form of electromagnetic waves that do not require any cables for transmission is called unguided medium. These media are bounded by geographical boundaries. E.g.: radio wave, microwave, infrared etc.

35. Define the term antivirus and give any three examples of it.

Antivirus software is software designed to detect and remove virus from computer system and ensures virus free environment. E.g. Kaspersky, NAV, MSAV, McAfee, NOD 32 etc.

36. Write down the structure of HTML. Explain clearly.

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE>My first HTML document</TITLE>

</HEAD>

<BODY>

<P>Hello world!

</BODY>

</HTML>

The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
The <head> element contains meta information about the document
The <title> element specifies a title for the document
The <body> element contains the visible page content

37. Explain different types of HTML tag.

Html tags are categorized as Pair Tags and Non Pairs Tags on the basics of

Paired Tags are tags with both opening and closing. They can have child tags and text. For example <p>, <h1>, <body> etc.

Empty tags are tags with opening only, example <img>, <input> etc.

38. Mention any two advantages and disadvantages of bus topology respectively.

Advantages of bus topology

a) It is easy to set up computers and other devices in bus topology, because all the devices are connected through a single wire.

b) It requires fewer cable media, so it is cheaper than other topologies.

Disadvantages of bus topology

a) The whole network system collapses if the cable or backbone is damaged.

b) The network slows down if additional computers are connected.

39. What is topology? Sketch drawing of star topology.

The arrangement or connection pattern of computers or nodes and other devices of the network is called network topology.

40. What is network? Classify its type and explain any one of them.

A computer network means two or more computers connected with each other to share data, hardware, software and other resources.

Types of Network

a) LAN (Local Area Network)

b) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

c) WAN (Wide Area Network)

LAN (Local Area Network)

A LAN is a type of network which covers small area i.e. within a room, building, or short distance by using cables or small wireless devices. It is controlled by a single organization. It uses private connection media. E.g.: network in a school, college or cyber cafe. The diameter is not more than a few kilometres. LAN offers bandwidth of 10-100 Mbps.

41. Write down any two advantages and disadvantages of star topology.

Advantages of star topology

i) Easy to set up and configure.
ii) Failure of single computer or cable doesn’t affect the entire network.
iii) It is easy to find the fault.
iv) It is easy to extend to network by attaching new devices to the central devices.

Disadvantages of star topology

i) It requires more cable in comparison of bus topology so it is more costly.
ii) Failure of central devices (hub or switch) break down the whole system.

Long Questions [ 6 Mark Each]

42. Define the term computer network. Explain different types of computer network with examples.

A computer network means two or more computers connected with each other to share data, hardware, software and other resources.

Types of Network

d) LAN (Local Area Network)

e) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

f) WAN (Wide Area Network)

LAN (Local Area Network)

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

A MAN is a type of network which covers an entire city. It is controlled by single or group of organization. It uses private or public connection media. E.g.: interconnection between different branches on same branch and ISP providing internet services. It offers a number of network services compatible with bandwidth from 128 kbps to 1 Gbps.

WAN (Wide Area Network)

A WAN is a type of network which connects two or more computers generally across a wide geographical area such as cities, districts, and countries. It is controlled by group of organization. It uses public connections media like telephone lines, satellite links or microwave system to connect several LANs and MANs. E.g. internet. Data transmission in WAN is slower than LANs and WANs.

43. Explain different types of topologies with their merits and demerits.

Advantages of bus topology

a) It is easy to set up computers and other devices in bus topology, because all the devices are connected through a single wire.

b) It requires fewer cable media, so it is cheaper than other topologies.

c) It is easy to add new node to the network.

d) Failure of one workstation does not affect other computers on the network.

Disadvantages of bus topology

a) The whole network system collapses if the cable or backbone is damaged.

b) The network slows down if additional computers are connected.

c) The limited length of the cable in a network may restrict to connect the workstation or devices.

d) It is difficult to find fault in this network topology.

Advantages of ring topology

i) It is easy it set up and configure.
ii) Each computer gets equal opportunity to access the network resources.
iii) It supports high data transmission rate.

iv) Performs better than a star topology under heavy network load.

Disadvantages of ring topology

i)Failure of any cable or single computers may affect the entire network.
ii) It is difficult to detect the errors.
iii) Adding/removing the devices affect the entire network.

iv) Much slower than an Ethernet network under normal load.

Advantages of star topology

Disadvantages of star topology

i) It requires more cable in comparison of bus topology so it is more costly.
ii) Failure of central devices (hub or switch) break down the whole system.

44. What are the services provided by the Internet? Explain briefly.

Services of internet

a) WWW (World Wide Web)

b) E-mail (Electronic mail)

c) FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

d) IRC (internet Relay Chat)

e) Newsgroup

f) Telnet

g) Internet Telephony

h) E-commerce

E-mail (Electronic mail) is one of the most popular services provided by the internet which exchanges messages between the computers through a network. It is the soft copy service of the internet.

Newsgroups are discussion groups that focus on a particular topic such as politics, health, computer, etc. The interested people on the particular field write the information or articles. Then these articles are posted to the newsgroup so that other people can read them.

A telnet is a program that allows a user to log in to a remote computer on internet as a user on that system.

File Transfer Protocol is the internet tool that allows the user to transfer the file from one computer to another computer. It helps to upload and download the files.

Internet Relay Chat is one of the important services provided by the internet which allows the user to communicate with other people in real time.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) is an online document that possesses series of common questions and answers on a specific topic.

E-commerce is one of the popular service of internet which helps in buying and selling of goods over the internet. It is doing business online through the internet.

Video conferencing is an important and interesting service provided by the internet which makes communication using sounds as well as pictures.

45. Differentiate between LAN and WAN.

46. Define the term star topology. Mention its merits and demerits with diagram.

The network topology in which all computers or other devices are connected through a central device through a central device called hub or switch is called star topology.

Advantages of star topology

i) It requires more cable in comparison of bus topology so it is more costly.
ii) Failure of central devices (hub or switch) break down the whole system.

Unit 3: Number system

Very Short Questions [ 1 Mark Each ]

1. What is a number system?

Number system is a method of expressing numbers by means of symbols where each symbol receives a specific value or position.

2. What is the base of decimal number system?

The base of decimal number system is ten.

3. What is the range of the value of octal number system?

The range of the value of octal number system is from 0 to 7.

4. Which digits are known as binary digit?

0 and 1 are two digits known as binary digit.

5. What is hexa-decimal number system?

The number system with base 16 is called hexa-decimal number system.

6. Which number system is also known as denary number system?

Decimal number system is also known as denary number system.

Short Questions [ 4 Mark Each ]

7. Explain different types of number system with examples.

The different types of number system are:

i. Decimal number system:

The number system of base ten of different digits to represent different values is known as decimal number system. The decimal number system consists of ten digits from 0 to 9.

ii. Binary number system:

The number system of base two that represents values is known as binary number system. The binary number system consists of two digits 0 and 1.

iii. Octal number system:

The number system that uses eight different digits to represent different values is known as octal number system. The octal number system has eight digits starting from 0 to 7.

iv. Hexa-decimal number system:

The number system with base 16 is called hexa-decimal number system. The hexa-decimal number system consists of sixteen digits from 0 to 9 and A to F to represent values ten to fifteen.

Unit 4: Computer Graphics

Very Short Questions [ 1 Mark Each ]

1. What is computer graphics?

Computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures, lines, charts, etc using computers with the help of programming.

2. Name any two-photo editing software.

Any two photo-editing software are:

i. Adobe Photoshop

ii. MS Paint

3. Explain the importance of computer graphics in web page design.

Graphics add visual/aesthetic appeal to the information on the web page, helping to maintain viewer interest and attention. Help to create visual structure for information and links on the page. Communicate or explain ideas visually

4. Is computer graphics software used for making cartoon?

Yes, computer graphics software is used for making cartoon.

5. Define the term “computer animation”.

Computer animation is the art of creating moving images via the use of computers.

Short Questions [ 4 Mark Each ]

6. Explain the uses of computer graphics in desktop publishing.

Desktop publishing and strong graphic design make documents look better, but there's more to desktop publishing than just appearance. Used properly, desktop publishing enhances visual communication and streamlines the process of disseminating information of all kinds. It's also the method of file preparation that ensures files print properly so that communications get out in a timely manner.

Long Questions [ 6 Mark Each]

7. Explain the use of computer graphics in different area.

Computer graphics is useful in almost all part of our life. In the following sections we are discussing some of the popular areas of computer graphics.

Education Field:

In the learning process, acquiring knowledge and skills required for better career path CG is needed. So Computer generated models in economic, financial and physical systems are often used.

We regularly love to have computerized model to understand any topic easily. Equipments, Physiological systems, physical systems are coded using CG

Computer Aided Design (CAD):

Most of engineering and Architecture students are concerned with Design.CAD is used to design various structures such as Computers, Aircrafts, Building, in almost all kinds of Industries (where designing is necessary)

After making a full diagram, we can even see its animation (Operation and working of a Product)

Computer Arts:

If we are intelligent enough we can rock by making creative arts using these Graphics tools. For making these arts we generally use CAD packages, paint and Paint brush programs and in animation too

Computer Arts Examples include Logo design (for companies, college, Industries, Institutions), Cartoon drawing, Product advertisements and many

Simulation:

Using CG graphics reproduction or duplicating already existing thing will be done. For Instance, if we go for the Flight simulators, these computer generated images are very much needed for training pilots to understand easily (learning standard methods)

Entertainment:

When we talk about Entertainment, immediately movies and games get in to picture.CG are mostly used in music videos, motion pictures, cartoon animation films. For finding out tricks to be used in Games, for its interactivity we often use CG

Unit 5: Concept of Computer Programming

Long Questions [ 6 Mark Each]

1. Define the term program. Explain computer programming with examples.

Program is a set of sequential instructions prepared in programming language given to the computer to perform a particular task.

Computer programming is the process of designing, writing, testing, debugging, and maintaining the source code written in a particular computer language. It is the technique of creating a program including various steps in an organized way. Programming language is the artificial language used for writing programs for a computer. The programming tools are used to design the logical solution of a problem.

2. What is a flowchart? List the symbols used to draw flowchart.

A flowchart is one of the popular programming tools that can be defined as a diagrammatic representation of the step-wise instructions to be performed to get the solution of a problem. It is a diagram or chart that shows the connections between different stages of a program.

The symbols used to draw flowchart are:

Start/End box
Process box
Input / Output box
Decision box
Connectors
Flow lines

3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of flowchart?

The advantages of flowchart are:

i. Flowcharts are easier to understand compare to Algorithm and Pseudo code.

ii. It helps us to understand logic of given problem.

iii. Flowcharts are one of the good way of documenting programs.

The disadvantages of flowchart are:

i. Simple modification in problem logic may leads to complete redraw of flowchart.

ii. Showing many branches and looping in flowchart is difficult.

iii. Modification of flowchart is sometimes time consuming.

4. Define the term algorithm. Mention the advantages of it.

An algorithm is a et of well-defined sequence of acts or procedure to perform the solution of problem in a finite number of steps.

The advantages of it are:

i. An algorithm uses a definite procedures.

ii. It is easy to debug using algorithm.

iii. It is easy for anyone to understand without any programming knowledge.

5. Write the term algorithm and draw a flowchart to display the greatest number among any two different numbers.

An algorithm is a set of well-defined sequence of acts or procedure to perform the solution of problem in a finite number of steps.

6. Write a QBasic program to find the sum of any 10 different numbers.

CLS

DIM N(10)

FOR I = 1 TO 10

INPUT "Enter the numbers"; N(I)

S= S+N(I)

NEXT I

PRINT "Sum of 10 numbers is"; S

END

7. Write a QBasic program to read the value of P, T and R find simple interest and total amount.

CLS
INPUT “Enter Principal”; P

INPUT “Enter Time”; T

INPUT “Enter Rate”; R

I = P*T*R/100

A = P + I

PRINT “Simple Interest =”; I

PRINT “ Total Amount = “; A

8. Write a QBasic program to sum of first 10 natural number. Also find its average.

CLS

DIM N(10)

FOR I = 1 TO 10

INPUT "Enter the numbers"; N(I)

S= S+N(I)

NEXT I

Avg=S / 10

PRINT "Average of 10 numbers is"; Avg

END

9. Write a QBasic program to display following series: 1,4,9,16,……,100.

CLS
FOR I = 1 TO 100

PRINT I ^ 2

NEXT I

END

10. Write a QBasic program to print the word “Hello” 10 times.

CLS

A$=”Hello”

FOR I = 1 TO 100

PRINT A$

NEXT I

END

Computer Science & Programming

Thursday, 26 March 2020

Chapter-wise Questions Collection For Class 8

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